The study investigates the impact of uniform litter mean weight on the survival and performance of piglets and sows. It involved 98 multiparous sows and their piglets, examining colostrum production, piglet growth, and mortality. The study found that uniform litters had lower pre-weaning mortality compared to heterogeneous litters, and the colostrum yield of sows depended on the total litter weight. Litter weight gain after farrowing was a good marker for colostrum yield. While the mean weight of piglets in uniform litters influenced their colostrum intake and weaning weight, it did not affect their survival. The results suggest that selection for litter uniformity is beneficial for sow productivity.