The volume 'Misinformation Policy in Sub-Saharan Africa' contains two research reports examining policy towards misinformation in Sub-Saharan Africa. The first report evaluates the teaching of media literacy in state-run schools across seven countries, identifying limited elements of media literacy in curricula and proposing six fields of knowledge to reduce misinformation susceptibility. The second report reviews changes in laws and regulations related to false information in eleven countries from 2016-2020, assessing the effects of punitive policies versus positive approaches that promote access to accurate information. The authors recommend strategies to enhance misinformation literacy and healthier information environments.

The discovery of aquifers in Africa, such as those in Kenya and Niger, has raised hopes for alleviating water scarcity. However, challenges such as water quality, distance, and sustainable usage limit their effectiveness. While aquifers hold significant water reserves, they are not a complete solution to the continent's water needs. Effective management and additional strategies are necessary to address the growing demand for water due to climate change and population growth.

Africa Check is expanding its fact-checking services to francophone West Africa, addressing the need for independent verification of public claims in the region. The initiative aims to help journalists overwhelmed with information to verify important claims, focusing on topics like the economy, environment, health, and education. The article underscores the importance of fact-checking for informed decision-making in democracies, quoting former UN Secretary General Kofi Annan. The expansion seeks to bring the same rigorous standards of fact-checking practiced in South Africa, Nigeria, and Kenya to Senegal and other West African countries.

The three-decade conflict in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has led to the emergence of numerous armed groups, including the Twirwaneho, which has become more active since 2019. The Twirwaneho, a Banyamulenge self-defense group, highlights the fragmented nature of Congolese politics and the ongoing ethnic violence. Led by Michel 'Makanika' Rukunda, the group has transformed into a militarily coordinated force but faces accusations of human rights violations. The group's rise is attributed to local needs for self-defense and dissatisfaction with the national army. The Twirwaneho's actions and the support from the Banyamulenge diaspora underscore the complex dynamics of survival and conflict in the region.

The Twirwaneho, an armed group claiming to defend the Banyamulenge community in South Kivu, Eastern DRC, has become more active since 2019, highlighting the fragmented nature of Congolese politics. The group, led by Michel 'Makanika' Rukunda, has been accused of human rights violations and is on the EU sanctions list. Twirwaneho's rise to power demonstrates the unending nature of the conflict in the Congo, with the group becoming a symbol of defiance. The group's involvement in national politics is minimal, but it has become emblematic for both the community it claims to defend and those who view Tutsis as foreign invaders. The UN expert group report suggests collaboration between Twirwaneho and the Rwanda-backed M23. Research indicates that Twirwaneho is part of a complex political, economic, and existential struggle among armed groups in the DRC, distinct yet connected to these groups.

The article discusses the impact of the Russo-Western conflict, particularly the war in Ukraine, on Russia's ties with Africa. It highlights that Africa is not a vital interest for Russia, which focuses on the post-Soviet space, but notes an increased prioritization of Africa in Russian foreign policy. The trade balance between Russia and Africa is positive, largely due to relations with Algeria and Egypt. Russia's re-engagement in Africa is sporadic and leverages local contexts and long-standing Russian actors on the continent. The article also mentions Russia's military supplies to sub-Saharan Africa and its diplomatic narrative promoting multipolarity and state sovereignty. Votes at the UN General Assembly on the war in Ukraine show some African countries' abstention or absence, indicating a degree of understanding or benevolent neutrality towards Russia. The article concludes that Africa is becoming a potential ground for confrontation between Russia and the West, with Russia's African policy influenced by its global power strategy and its Western-centric foreign policy.

The article discusses how Africa is becoming a battleground for confrontation between Russia and the West, shifting from a competitive to a confrontational stance due to the war in Ukraine. It highlights Russia's lack of vital interests in Africa, its positive trade balance with the continent, and the use of military and economic diplomacy to rebuild influence. The article notes the Russian Foreign Ministry's role in coordinating diplomatic actions in Africa and the potential for increased diplomatic resources. It also mentions the Wagner Group's security role and the potential for religious engagement through the Organization of Islamic Cooperation. The sentiment of some African states towards Russia is described as understanding or benevolently neutral, reflecting a global power policy by Vladimir Putin that seeks confrontation below the threshold of conflict with the West.

Senegal's upcoming local elections are seen as a critical test for President Macky Sall, who has faced increasing criticism and accusations of planning a third presidential term. The elections, the first since last year's riots and since 2019, will gauge the president's support ahead of the parliamentary elections in July. Sall's party, the Alliance for the Republic (APR), currently holds a majority in the national assembly. Key opposition figures, including Ousmane Sonko and Barthelemy Dias, are running for mayoral positions. The election results are expected to influence the political landscape and Sall's potential candidacy in 2024.

China has pledged to support African countries in overcoming economic challenges related to Covid-19 without imposing its will, as stated in a joint declaration at the China-Africa summit in Senegal. The declaration emphasized non-interference in domestic affairs and included commitments to uphold the principle that Taiwan is part of China. China, Africa's largest trading partner, promised significant vaccine donations and investments in production sites. The summit also highlighted cooperation in various sectors and took place amid growing US-China rivalry, with discussions on human rights and climate change.

The chapter discusses the legal and regulatory responses to misinformation in Sub-Saharan Africa from 2016 to 2020. It is part of a larger work on misinformation policy in the region, published by the University of Westminster Press. The text is factual and peer-reviewed, providing a comprehensive analysis of the subject.