Darío Brooks

Mexican researcher Oswaldo Zavala argues that “drug cartels” are less coherent, all-powerful organizations than a political narrative created and promoted by US and Mexican institutions. In his view, the language of cartels exaggerates their power, legitimizes military intervention and obscures the social causes of violence, addiction and insecurity. He calls for treating drug use primarily as a public-health and social issue rather than a national-security threat, and for reducing the Mexican Army’s role in civilian security. Zavala also links the cartel myth to paramilitary spectacle, narcoculture and the disproportionate killing of poor and racialized young people.

Óscar García Guzmán, dubbed the “Monster of Toluca,” was captured in Mexico City on December 6, 2019, after fleeing an investigation into the murder of Jessica Jaramillo and the deaths of two other women found buried at his home. Activist Frida Guerrera maintained contact with him through Facebook and email, eliciting alleged confessions, monitoring his behavior and helping authorities track his location. García Guzmán reportedly threatened further violence and showed a strong desire for attention, while investigators continued gathering evidence beyond his social-media statements. The case highlights Mexico’s femicide crisis and the risks and potential value of activist involvement in investigations.