The text is a list of references from a scientific study that compares the emergence stages of permanent teeth in twins, indicating a focus on dental health, genetics, and pediatrics. The study likely examines the genetic determinants and dynamics of permanent teeth emergence in twins, referencing various international studies on the subject.

The article discusses the decline in the quality of science journalism and offers ten recommendations for journalists to improve their reporting. It highlights the dangers of sensationalism, misinformation, and the importance of consulting credible experts. The piece criticizes various media outlets for poor practices and emphasizes the need for accurate, well-researched, and balanced science news. It also provides insights from experts and references reputable organizations and guidelines to help journalists produce better science stories.

Esra Öz shares her pride in having her article published in the prestigious Science Magazine. She highlights her dedication to science journalism and her recent participation in a data analysis and literacy training organized by the United Nations Women. The article emphasizes the importance of data journalism in enhancing the accuracy and impact of news reporting, particularly in scientific fields. It discusses the roles of data visualization and literacy in making complex information more accessible and understandable, ultimately contributing to a more informed society.

Culture and arts journalism is transitioning from traditional media to digital platforms like YouTube, bringing both advantages and challenges. Despite the rise of social media influencers, traditional journalists still hold significant influence. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the shift to digital media, affecting media consumption habits and increasing engagement on global platforms. In Turkey, traditional newspapers are losing readership, while YouTube channels focusing on culture and arts are gaining popularity. However, accessing digital culture and arts journalists in Turkey remains challenging, and the range of content is narrower compared to global standards. The digital shift has democratized content creation but also led to a proliferation of amateur content. Experts emphasize the need for quality content and professional journalism in the digital age.

The article delves into the intricacies of parliamentary reporting in Turkey, emphasizing the importance of understanding local laws, parliamentary procedures, and political contexts. It highlights the role of the Parliamentary Reporters Association (PMD) and its significance in the journalism field. The piece features insights from experienced reporters like Kemal Aktaş and Celal Çamur, who discuss the challenges and nuances of covering parliamentary news. The article also touches on the historical context of parliamentary reporting and the essential qualities required for journalists in this field.

A discovery has been made identifying hundreds of biomarkers that could either contribute to or protect against the signs of ageing, such as wrinkles and skin sagging. This could aid in the creation of cosmetics targeting the causes of these age-related skin issues.

Theranos, founded by Elizabeth Holmes, promised revolutionary health technology but collapsed after Holmes was convicted of fraud. The story, also depicted in 'The Dropout' series, serves as a lesson for journalists and science communicators to approach grand claims with skepticism. John Carreyrou of the Wall Street Journal played a pivotal role in uncovering the truth. Experts from various fields provide insights on the importance of due diligence, critical thinking, and independent verification in reporting on scientific and technological claims. The Theranos case highlights the risks of media and investor hype without thorough investigation.

Artificial intelligence applications like ChatGPT and Midjourney are making significant strides in media production, offering capabilities such as writing stories, creating images, solving problems, and coding. Experts from various institutions discussed the implications of AI in journalism, suggesting that while AI may increase the production of fake news, it also has the potential to detect it. AI is expected to take over routine tasks in journalism, but cannot replace the nuanced work of good reporters. The article also highlights the use of AI in newsrooms for tasks like verification, data analysis, and content personalization. Despite concerns about job displacement, the consensus is that AI will support rather than replace human journalists.

The NewsLabTurkey 2021 Almanak reviews significant events in the media and journalism world throughout the year. Highlights include the rise and fall of Clubhouse, WhatsApp security debates, Trump's social media bans, and the emergence of NFTs in journalism. Key organizational changes include the appointment of the first female editors-in-chief at Reuters and The Washington Post, and Facebook's rebranding to Meta. The Pegasus Project and Pandora Papers were major investigative journalism efforts. Press freedom issues were prominent, with numerous incidents of censorship, legal actions, and journalist detentions. The year also saw significant acquisitions, such as Amazon's purchase of MGM Studios, and policy changes by major tech companies like Google and Twitter.

Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies are critically analyzed, highlighting their failure to fulfill the basic functions of money and comparing them to Ponzi and pump-and-dump schemes. The article discusses the speculative nature of these assets, the lack of real value, and the potential risks for investors. It also contrasts the legal actions taken against traditional Ponzi schemes with the lack of legal recourse for cryptocurrency investors.

The article provides a comprehensive overview of the media landscape in 2021, highlighting key events and trends. It discusses the 60th anniversary of Columbia Journalism Review, the ownership change of Euronews, and the controversial media law in Poland. The piece also covers the technological needs of the media industry, the rise of metaverse and NFTs, and the impact of digital platforms like podcasts and newsletters. It concludes that while major media players maintained their positions, niche and focused publishers fared better in 2021. The year also saw increased attacks on journalists and significant developments like the Pegasus spyware scandal and the Nobel Peace Prize awarded for journalism's role in democracy.

Economic journalism gains importance during periods of reduced purchasing power and increased unemployment. The article explores the state of economic journalism, ethical principles, and the challenges faced by journalists in Turkey. Insights are provided by İdris Çokal, Dinçer Gökçe, and Sibel Atik, who emphasize the need for objectivity, ethical conduct, and the importance of understanding economic concepts. The role of economic journalists in maintaining public trust and avoiding speculative news is highlighted, along with the necessity of transparency and accuracy in reporting.

The article explores various money transfer tools for freelancers in Turkey, focusing on alternatives to PayPal due to its unavailability in the country. It highlights Wise, Pep, TransferGo, and Payoneer as viable options, detailing their features such as multi-currency accounts, ease of use, and language support. Wise and Pep are praised for their versatility and user-friendly interfaces, while TransferGo is noted for its free transfer option. Payoneer is mentioned without detailed evaluation.

As the digital world increasingly integrates into our lives, the number of dangerous traps also rises. Journalists, who communicate with new people daily, must protect themselves from these threats. Sinan Eren from Silicon Valley emphasizes that cybersecurity is not a one-step solution and provides essential tips for journalists. Key recommendations include using different passwords for various accounts, enabling two-factor authentication, keeping devices updated, using reliable VPNs, encrypting hard drives, and being cautious of phishing attempts. Eren also suggests using tools like 1Password, LastPass, KeePass, and creating virtual sessions with VirtualBox or VMware to enhance digital security.

Radikal, a newspaper that started in 1996 under Doğan Group, ceased its print edition in 2014 and continued online until 2016. The digital archive of Radikal is now at risk of disappearing, with access currently only possible through Google searches. The article discusses the broader issue of 'digital memory loss' and the impact of digital media on journalism and collective memory. It highlights concerns from former Radikal editors about the potential loss of valuable cultural and artistic content. The article also touches on the role of political power in shaping media and societal memory, including censorship and content removal from the internet.

The article discusses the transformation of media's role in Turkey when dealing with government-related scandals, comparing the current situation to the Susurluk scandal of the 1990s. It highlights the lack of mass protests and media pressure on politicians today, contrasting it with the past when media played a significant role in informing the public and advocating for transparency. The piece reflects on the 'Second Susurluk' incidents, where similar patterns of state-crime connections emerged, and the media's response to them. It also touches on the recent developments involving Sedat Peker's videos and the media's reaction, suggesting that the traditional media's power has not been replaced by new media, as evidenced by the significant impact of a traditional TV interview with Interior Minister Süleyman Soylu.

For over a year, many desk workers have transitioned from bustling office environments to the tranquility of their homes and computer screens. In journalism, a profession traditionally based on mentorship, the pandemic has limited internship opportunities, preventing the transfer of professional experience from mentors to apprentices. To succeed in this field, it is essential to read extensively, research thoroughly, ask the right questions, and write effectively. One of the most effective ways to improve and develop is to receive feedback from more experienced individuals, even if it comes through a computer screen. The article provides an eight-step guide to receiving feedback constructively, emphasizing the importance of listening calmly, self-evaluation, filtering feedback, self-encouragement, learning from criticism, healing emotional wounds, responding healthily, and persevering.

The article discusses the importance of accurate and responsible reporting on cancer-related news. It highlights the potential harm of misleading reports, especially those promoting unproven treatments, and emphasizes the need for journalists to thoroughly research their sources. Experts from Hacettepe University, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, and Mersin University provide insights on the complexities of cancer research and the dangers of oversimplifying scientific findings. The article also addresses the impact of health news on patients and their families, stressing the importance of providing reliable information that serves the public interest.

The article discusses the tax obligations and methods for YouTube content creators in Turkey. Mesut Çevik, a YouTube channel owner and General Editor of Donanım Haber, explains the various taxes, including VAT and income tax, that need to be paid on earnings from YouTube. He highlights the importance of distinguishing between tax avoidance and tax evasion and provides practical advice on managing taxes and expenses. The article also mentions the benefits of using services like Mukellef.co for setting up a business and the tax exemptions available for young entrepreneurs under 29 years old.

Meteorology, the science of atmospheric phenomena, has been facilitating human life for centuries, and weather forecasts are crucial for planning daily activities and future events. Gökhan Abur, a meteorology engineer and NTV's Meteorology Chief, emphasizes the importance of expertise in providing accurate weather forecasts and believes that the credibility of forecasts increases their preference. Bünyamin Sürmeli, CNN TÜRK's TV Meteorology Editor, started in the field with radio and stresses that meteorologists provide scientific information and forecasts, but do not cover news stories such as the aftermath of natural disasters. Both highlight the impact of technological advancements on the accuracy of weather predictions and the role of meteorologists in interpreting and presenting this information. Sürmeli also notes that weather forecasts have high viewership rates and are closely monitored by advertisers.

The article discusses how journalism has adapted during the COVID-19 pandemic, featuring insights from editors of major Turkish news outlets. Yavuz Barlas of Habertürk emphasizes the shift towards informative content and social responsibility. Hüseyin Özdemir of Hürriyet highlights the importance of scientific accuracy and avoiding speculation. Mustafa Aşçıoğlu of Kanal D describes the operational changes and focus on accurate information. Faruk Demirel of Haber Global notes the increased presence of experts on TV and the implementation of security measures to prevent misinformation. All editors stress the importance of reliable information and adapting to new challenges.

The coronavirus pandemic has significantly impacted radio broadcasting, pushing many broadcasters to adapt to remote working and implement stringent health measures. Key figures in the Turkish radio industry, including Özay Şendir, Mert Hakan, Aynur Altunkaş, and Gülben Şahin, discuss how their stations have managed the transition, emphasizing the importance of radio as a reliable source of information during crises. The article highlights the technical and operational adjustments made by various radio stations to continue delivering content without compromising quality, and underscores the enduring relevance of radio in providing timely and accurate news.

Journalists from various Turkish media outlets discuss the challenges and responsibilities of reporting on the coronavirus pandemic. They emphasize the importance of accurate information, avoiding misinformation, and the role of expert opinions in media coverage. Health communication expert Prof. Dr. Ayla Okay highlights the need for careful and responsible reporting to prevent public panic and misinformation.

The coronavirus pandemic has significantly impacted the advertising industry, with a shift towards digital media as people stay home. Advertising spending is expected to change, with a rise in human-centric ads. Medium-sized advertisers are cutting costs, and some are turning to television. Quality content producers may not suffer economically in the short to medium term. The crisis presents opportunities for creativity and differentiation in the advertising sector. Major brands like Coca-Cola have paused advertising and redirected funds to global donations, impacting the industry. Digital platforms like Facebook, Instagram, Google, and YouTube have seen a drop in ad prices, offering more affordable advertising opportunities. The pandemic has accelerated the need for digital transformation in businesses and media outlets.

Prof. Dr. Çağan Şekercioğlu, a biodiversity and conservation ecologist at the University of Utah and a faculty member at Koç University, warns that the relentless destruction of natural areas and the shrinking habitats for wildlife are confining billions of organisms to increasingly smaller and degraded natural spaces. He emphasizes the link between human encroachment on natural areas and the emergence of zoonotic diseases like COVID-19, which is thought to have originated from pangolins due to China's traditional 'medicine.' Şekercioğlu highlights the importance of learning from the COVID-19 pandemic to prevent future outbreaks and protect nature. He also discusses the broader implications of climate change, predicting that global warming could cause more deaths than cancer and infectious diseases combined by 2100 if current trends continue. Şekercioğlu's work has been recognized with numerous awards, including the TÜBİTAK Science Special Prize and the Whitley Gold Award from Princess Anne.

Since the emergence of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, the world has faced not only a pandemic but also an 'infodemic'—an overwhelming amount of information, including false or misleading news. The World Health Organization has called on technology companies to take stricter measures against misinformation. Health literacy has become increasingly important, with a significant portion of the Turkish population lacking adequate health literacy. Social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Google have taken steps to direct users to reliable sources and remove false claims. Traditional media also contributes to the spread of misinformation, highlighting the need for responsible journalism. Legal expert Pınar Aksoy emphasizes the role of journalists in preventing the spread of false information and suggests that governments and organizations like WHO are working to ensure the dissemination of accurate information. The article underscores the importance of verifying information sources and seeking scientific evidence to combat the infodemic.

Journalists in Turkey are facing significant risks while covering COVID-19 stories in the field. NTV reporter Korhan Varol announced his positive COVID-19 test result on social media. Health reporters from various media outlets shared their fears of contracting the virus and potentially spreading it to their families. They discussed the psychological and physical measures they are taking to protect themselves, including following institutional guidelines, minimizing contact, and using protective equipment. Media organizations have implemented measures such as remote work, distribution of masks and gloves, and reduced staff presence. Experts, including Prof. Dr. Mehmet Ceyhan, provided specific advice for journalists working in high-risk environments, emphasizing the importance of personal protective equipment, social distancing, and hygiene.

Dr. Nedret Emiroğlu, Director of Emergency and Infectious Diseases at the WHO European Region, stated that the World Health Organization is in daily contact with Ministry of Health officials and is conducting clinical trials on 5 different drugs for COVID-19 treatment. Emphasizing the need for vaccine research, Emiroğlu mentioned that vaccine production typically takes 12-24 months but could be expedited. The WHO is also determining how to distribute vaccines, prioritizing lower-income countries and high-risk groups. Emiroğlu highlighted that no mutations have been observed in the virus, and successful countries in preventing the spread have been quick to detect cases and isolate contacts. The WHO advises that only health personnel should use gloves and that masks are necessary for patients or those in contact with them. Emiroğlu also clarified that the virus is not airborne but transmitted through droplets, and physical distancing is recommended. Additionally, the WHO prioritizes testing for suspected cases, contacts, and symptomatic individuals, and aims to protect health workers, who have an approximate 8% infection risk. The WHO refers to the overabundance of misinformation as an 'infodemic'.

The World Health Organization listed vaccine opposition as a top health threat in 2019, and it is expected to remain so in 2020. Vaccinations prevent 2 to 3 million deaths annually, and with increased attention, an additional 1.5 million deaths could be avoided. Turkey has seen a resurgence of measles cases due to vaccine opposition. The FDA-approved artificial pancreas by Tandem Diabetes Care, developed by the University of Virginia Diabetes Technology Center, offers automated blood sugar level management. Closed-loop spinal cord stimulation presents a new option for chronic pain treatment. Orthopedic repair is utilizing biology for faster recovery, and a dual-action osteoporosis drug has been approved by the FDA, offering both bone-strengthening and fracture prevention.

Prof. Dr. Şükrü Hatun advocates for Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) systems to alleviate the pain of finger-pricking for blood sugar measurements in children with diabetes. The Diyabetli Çocuklar Vakfı (DİYAÇEV) has submitted a report to the Turkish Social Security Institution's General Health Insurance Medical Device Department, emphasizing the need for CGM systems and insulin pump therapy to be fully reimbursed for all children under 18 with Type 1 diabetes. The article discusses the benefits of CGM systems, such as reduced fluctuations in blood sugar levels and lower healthcare costs due to fewer diabetes-related complications. It also highlights the positive changes experienced by families using CGM systems, including improved sleep quality for parents and better diabetes management for children. The article calls for regulatory changes to include these technologies in reimbursement plans and for research and development to produce them locally in Turkey.

Associate Professor Kıvanç Birsoy was awarded the Vilcek Prize for Creative Promise in Biomedical Sciences by the Vilcek Foundation, which honors the contributions of immigrants to scientific research, discovery, and innovation in the United States. Birsoy, who leads the Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Genetics at Rockefeller University, has developed tools to investigate the complex metabolism of cancer cells and has used CRISPR to demonstrate how mitochondria support tumor growth. His work has provided new insights into how cancer cells respond to nutrient-poor and oxygen-deprived environments and has identified unexpected dependencies necessary for cancer cell proliferation. Birsoy's research challenges the unscientific claims about the relationship between diet and cancer, emphasizing the need for more scientific investigation into this area. He also published a significant paper in Nature and Cell journals on the role of acidic lysosomes in cells, which could guide future clinical trials and treatments, particularly for pancreatic cancer.

Dr. Halis Kaan Aktürk from the University of Colorado Barbara Davis Diabetes Center discusses the impact of artificial pancreas devices on diabetes patients. These devices, known as hybrid closed-loop systems or more commonly as artificial pancreases, work by integrating a smart insulin pump with a continuous glucose monitoring system to regulate insulin delivery based on glucose sensor data. While not fully automatic, these systems have significantly reduced severe hypoglycemia incidents and improved the quality of life for diabetic individuals. Future generations of these systems will be more advanced, eliminating the need for finger-prick blood glucose measurements and providing more accurate insulin dosing.

Prof. Dr. Mehmet Toner, a Turkish scientist working in the United States, has made significant contributions to cancer research with the development of a microchip blood test that can detect rare cancer cells among billions of blood cells. This test allows for the accurate administration of drugs without unnecessary surgeries or biopsies. Prof. Dr. Toner, who has over 50 patents and more than 300 publications in prestigious scientific journals, is a respected figure in the fields of nanotechnology, tissue engineering, and biopreservation. He is a member of the National Academy of Engineering and holds positions at Harvard University Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Boston Shriners Children's Hospital. His academic career began in mechanical engineering, but his interest in medicine led him to groundbreaking work in medical technology.

Mike Webster, a former NFL star, exhibited severe symptoms such as forgetfulness, stress, depression, and aggression after retiring, which were not explained by standard brain imaging tests. Dr. Bennet Omalu of the University of Pittsburgh discovered Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) in Webster's brain, making him the first NFL player diagnosed with the condition. The disease, linked to repeated head trauma, has been found in several other NFL players who exhibited symptoms consistent with CTE before their suicides. Dr. Omalu faced challenges from the NFL, which tried to discredit his findings. Meanwhile, significant advancements in CTE research have been made, including the establishment of a CTE brain bank at Boston University and the discovery of a protein that could allow for early detection and treatment of CTE. Research by Harvard Medical School's Dr. Önder Albayram and Dr. Kun Ping Lu has identified early stages of protein degeneration, offering potential for early intervention and a better understanding of neurological diseases linked to tau protein.

The article discusses the disproportionate funding allocated to football compared to science, suggesting that if the funds spent on football were instead directed to scientific research, it could lead to significant advancements. It highlights the struggles of scientists in Turkey who face immense challenges in securing research funding. The author proposes a new system in universities where scientists are rewarded and have the opportunity to transfer to better institutions based on certain criteria. The article also touches on the issue of brain drain and the need to incentivize scientists working abroad to return to Turkey. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of valuing science over entertainment industries to foster a knowledgeable society.