The article discusses the second anniversary of Mahsa Amini's death in police custody, which sparked nationwide protests in Iran. Security forces surrounded Amini's family home, preventing them from leaving. The article highlights the ongoing repression by Iranian authorities, including arrests of activists and family members of those killed in protests. It also covers the hunger strike by 34 female political prisoners in solidarity with the 'Woman, Life, Freedom' movement. The piece underscores the enduring impact of Amini's death on Iranian society, fostering a sense of defiance and camaraderie among citizens.

Fatemeh Sepehri, a critic of Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, has been sentenced to an additional 18 1/2 years in prison for supporting Israel and other charges. Her family members and former attorney have also faced imprisonment. The article highlights the broader crackdown on dissent in Iran, including the imprisonment of activists and journalists, and the suppression of the Women, Life, Freedom protests. The Iranian judiciary's harsh stance against dissent is evident in multiple cases, including the commutation of a death sentence for Sunni cleric Mohammad Khezrnejad and the imprisonment of cartoonist Atena Farghadani. The article also discusses the upcoming Iranian presidential election, dominated by hard-line candidates, and the international criticism of Iran's human rights record.

Iranian para-athlete Serkan Yildirim, formerly Sajjad Hashemi, was disqualified from the Paralympic Games in Paris due to a technicality involving his classification status. The World Para Athletics (WPA) disqualified him after a German court's interim injunction was lifted. Concurrently, four Iranian women, including aid worker Pakhshan Azizi and labor activist Sharifeh Mohammadi, face death sentences for alleged armed rebellion against the state. Human rights groups condemn these charges as politically motivated. Additionally, Azerbaijan is strengthening ties with China, seeking investment and strategic partnerships to boost its role in the Middle Corridor trade route. Iran is also accused of attempting to interfere in the upcoming U.S. presidential election through hacking and disinformation campaigns.

A former Iranian prison official, Hamid Nouri, was released by Sweden in a prisoner swap that also saw Tehran release EU diplomat Johan Floderus and dual Iranian-Swedish citizen Saeed Azizi. The swap, facilitated by Oman, marks a breakthrough in strained relations between Tehran and Stockholm. The EU welcomed the release but continues to work for the release of other detained EU citizens. Amnesty International questioned why Ahmadreza Djalali, an Iranian-Swedish doctor sentenced to death, was not included. The article also highlights the ongoing deportation of Afghan refugees by Pakistan and Iran, worsening the humanitarian crisis in Afghanistan. Additionally, it covers the sentencing of Iranian dissidents and activists, including Fatemeh Sepehri and Atena Farghadani, and the commutation of Sunni cleric Mohammad Khezrnejad's death sentence. The IAEA has called on Iran to increase cooperation, while Iran criticizes the resolution. The Guardians Council approved six candidates for the upcoming presidential election, with a predominantly conservative slate, amid strict media guidelines and low voter turnout.

The Iranian Armed Forces have refuted claims that the helicopter crash killing President Ebrahim Raisi was due to weather and overloading. Iran's new president, Masud Pezeshkian, faces a hard-line parliament. Iran vows to retaliate against Israel for the killing of Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh, raising regional tensions. The U.S. and allies urge Iran to de-escalate. Iran's potential missile sales to Russia could deepen their military ties. Iranian rapper Toomaj Salehi, initially sentenced to death, has been acquitted. The closure of the German Language Institute in Tehran by Iranian authorities has sparked diplomatic tensions with Germany.

Iranian President and Saudi Crown Prince engage in their first conversation since restoring diplomatic ties, marking a significant step in Middle Eastern diplomacy. The article also covers the low voter turnout in Iran's presidential election, reflecting public disillusionment with the regime. Reformist candidate Masud Pezeshkian and hard-liner Saeed Jalili will face off in a runoff, with Pezeshkian's supporters advocating for change. The article highlights the broader political landscape, including Canada's designation of the IRGC as a terrorist organization and the ongoing challenges faced by Iranian activists and reformists.

Students at Sharif University of Technology in Tehran protested against newly imposed gender segregation in university libraries. The protests are part of a broader discontent with gender segregation policies in Iranian universities, which have been a contentious issue for decades. The protests follow increased pressure on universities after anti-government demonstrations sparked by the death of Mahsa Amini in police custody. Over 140 universities have held protest gatherings, with many students and professors facing severe punitive measures. The article also touches on the broader context of political and social unrest in Iran, including the suspension of pro-reformist professors and the contentious political climate leading up to the presidential election.

Imprisoned Iranian women's rights activist Narges Mohammadi celebrated winning the Nobel Peace Prize in her prison cell with fellow detainees. The Norwegian Nobel Committee honored her for her fight against the oppression of women in Iran and her promotion of human rights. The award has been widely applauded internationally, with figures like French President Emmanuel Macron and Nobel laureate Malala Yousafzai praising Mohammadi's courage. Despite her imprisonment, Mohammadi remains resolute in her fight for democracy, freedom, and equality in Iran.

Imprisoned Iranian women's rights activist Narges Mohammadi, awarded the 2023 Nobel Peace Prize, vows to continue her fight against oppression despite her incarceration. The Norwegian Nobel Committee honored her for her efforts against the oppression of women in Iran and for promoting human rights. The award has been praised internationally but condemned by Iran as biased. Mohammadi's activism has led to multiple arrests and severe sentences. The Nobel Committee and various human rights organizations have called for her immediate release. The article highlights the ongoing struggle for women's rights and democracy in Iran, emphasizing the global recognition of these efforts.

Iran is addressing ambiguities over its nuclear enrichment program with the help of IAEA inspectors. Telegram founder Pavel Durov was arrested in France over allegations of complicity in illegal activities on the app. Iranian track star-turned-Turkish para-athlete Serkan Yildirim was disqualified from the Paralympic Games due to a technicality. Four Iranian women face death sentences for alleged armed rebellion. Azerbaijan is strengthening ties with China to boost its regional ambitions. Iran is accused of interfering in the U.S. presidential election through cyber campaigns. Iranian President Masud Pezeshkian's cabinet was unanimously approved by parliament, highlighting the supreme leader's influence.

Armita Garavand, a 16-year-old girl, was hospitalized and fell into a coma after an alleged physical assault by police officers for not wearing a hijab in Tehran. The incident has drawn parallels with the case of Mahsa Amini, whose death in police custody last year sparked widespread protests. Human rights groups and journalists claim Garavand is the latest victim of Iran's strict hijab enforcement. Official sources deny the assault, attributing her condition to a drop in blood pressure. The case has led to accusations of a cover-up by the authorities, with Garavand's family reportedly under pressure to conform to the official narrative.

Four Iranian women, including aid worker Pakhshan Azizi and labor activist Sharifeh Mohammadi, have been charged with armed rebellion against the state, a crime punishable by death. Human rights groups condemn these charges as baseless and politically motivated. The rise in death sentences for women follows the 2022 antiestablishment protests sparked by Mahsa Amini's death. The article also discusses the broader context of Iran's political repression, including the crackdown on Kurdish minorities and the use of the death penalty to instill fear. Additionally, it touches on Iran's geopolitical maneuvers, including its stance on the Iran nuclear deal and its involvement in regional conflicts.

Iran launched a massive ballistic missile attack on Israel on October 1, marking its largest direct assault on its archenemy. The attack, described as retaliation for Israel's actions in Lebanon and Gaza, has escalated tensions in the region. Israel has vowed a severe response, with experts predicting a stronger retaliation compared to previous incidents. The conflict has drawn in various stakeholders, including Hezbollah, Hamas, and international bodies like the United Nations and the European Union, all calling for a ceasefire. The situation remains volatile, with potential for further escalation.

Armita Garavand, a 16-year-old Iranian girl, was hospitalized and fell into a coma after allegedly being beaten by police for not wearing a hijab in Tehran's metro. The incident has drawn comparisons to the case of Mahsa Amini, whose death in police custody last year sparked widespread protests. Iranian authorities claim Garavand's injuries were accidental, but human rights groups and journalists suggest a cover-up. The case has intensified scrutiny of Iran's mandatory hijab laws and the government's efforts to enforce them.

The death of Mahsa Amini, a young Kurdish woman, in police custody has sparked widespread protests across Iran, with over 500 demonstrators killed in the ensuing crackdown. The protests, initially against the enforcement of the hijab law, have evolved into a broader anti-regime movement demanding social and political freedoms. The article highlights personal accounts of victims' families, the brutal response of Iranian security forces, and the significant role of ethnic minorities in the protests. The Iranian government faces severe criticism for its handling of the situation and the repression of dissent.

The article recounts the brutal killing of Mahsa Amini by Iranian police, which has sparked widespread protests across Iran. The protests, initially against the enforcement of the hijab law, have evolved into a broader anti-establishment movement. The article highlights the personal stories of victims like Fereydun Mahmudi, who was killed for supporting the protests. The Iranian authorities' violent crackdown on dissent, particularly in regions with ethnic minorities, is emphasized. The narrative underscores the ongoing struggle for social and political freedoms in Iran.

Public outrage over the death of Mahsa Amini, a young Kurdish-Iranian woman who died in police custody, ignited nationwide protests in Iran. The government's brutal crackdown on dissent led to the deaths of over 500 demonstrators. The protests, initially against the mandatory hijab law, evolved into a broader movement against theocratic rule, with calls for political and social freedoms. The most intense protests and state violence occurred in ethnically diverse regions, including Kurdistan. The article highlights personal accounts of those affected, including Sharmin Habibi, whose husband was killed by security forces, and Ahmad Amini, Mahsa's father, who refutes official claims about his daughter's health and cause of death.

The death of Mahsa Amini, a 22-year-old Iranian-Kurdish woman, in police custody has sparked widespread protests across Iran, leading to a brutal crackdown by the government. The protests, initially focused on the enforcement of the hijab law, have evolved into a broader antiestablishment movement calling for an end to clerical rule and greater social and political freedoms. The article highlights the personal stories of those affected by the crackdown, including the family of Amini and other victims. It also discusses the broader implications of the protests and the government's response, including the role of the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps and the Iranian Morality Police. The article provides a detailed account of the events leading up to and following Amini's death, as well as the ongoing struggle for justice and accountability in Iran.

Iran's government is intensifying its crackdown on university student associations to suppress dissent ahead of the anniversary of Mahsa Amini's death. Authorities have revoked licenses and raided offices of student groups, leading to widespread condemnation from activists. The crackdown includes suspensions and disciplinary actions against students, particularly those involved in protests. The article highlights the historical role of universities in Iran's political movements and the ongoing struggle for social and political reforms. The government's actions are part of a broader effort to stifle opposition and maintain control, drawing significant criticism from human rights groups and activists.

The European Union has condemned Iran for allegedly transferring ballistic missiles to Russia, considering new sanctions in response. U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken and other Western leaders have criticized the transfers as an escalation in the Russia-Ukraine war. Iran denies the allegations, accusing the West of hostility. The article also touches on the broader geopolitical implications, including Iran's strengthened ties with Russia and the potential impact on its nuclear program. Additionally, it highlights the ongoing human rights issues in Iran, particularly in the context of the Mahsa Amini protests and the treatment of political prisoners.

The family of Mahsa Amini plans to mark her second death anniversary despite potential restrictions from Iranian authorities. Iran faces international backlash for allegedly supplying ballistic missiles to Russia, with sanctions imposed by the U.S. and European countries. Iran denies the allegations, calling them baseless. The article also highlights the ongoing conflict between Israel and Hizballah, with both sides taking preemptive actions. Additionally, Azerbaijan is strengthening ties with China, seeking investment and support for the Middle Corridor trade route. The article covers various geopolitical tensions and international responses, including sanctions and diplomatic efforts.

An Iranian court has ordered the confiscation of writer Soroush Mozaffar Moghadam's apartment in Germany, citing his propaganda activities against the system during recent protests. The decision, based on a request from the Execution of Imam Khomeini's Order, highlights the Islamic republic's crackdown on dissent. Moghadam, a member of the Iranian Writers' Association, left Iran due to safety concerns following interviews with Persian-language media abroad. The ruling underscores the regime's efforts to suppress opposition and control narratives.

Iran's judiciary confirmed the detention of Swedish EU diplomat Johan Floderus, who has been held in Iran for over 500 days under harsh conditions. The European Union and Sweden are actively working to secure his release. The detention has strained relations between Iran and Sweden, especially following the life sentence of Iranian citizen Hamid Noury in Sweden. Iran has detained around 40 foreign nationals amid ongoing political tensions with the West. The European Union's top diplomat, Josep Borrell, and European Commissioner Ylva Johansson have expressed concern over Floderus's situation.

Iran has identified five individuals in U.S. custody for a potential prisoner swap involving $6 billion, including three charged with obtaining dual-use technology and two jailed for failing to register as foreign agents or stealing plans. The U.S. State Department has not commented on the list. Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi assured that the five U.S. citizens in Iranian custody are in good health. The Biden administration has approved a sanctions waiver to transfer frozen Iranian assets from South Korea to Qatar, emphasizing that the funds are for humanitarian purposes. Critics argue the assets could aid Iran's economy amid ongoing U.S. sanctions. The situation highlights ongoing tensions and diplomatic maneuvers between the U.S. and Iran.

Amjad Amini, father of Mahsa Amini, was summoned and warned by Iranian intelligence officials not to commemorate the anniversary of his daughter's death, which sparked nationwide protests. Authorities threatened to arrest his son, Ashkan, if the family held any memorial activities. The Iranian government has intensified its crackdown on dissent, with increased security around Mahsa Amini's gravesite and the arrest of her uncle. The article also highlights the broader context of government oppression, including the detention of activists and intellectuals, and the ongoing tensions between Iran and international bodies like the IAEA. The piece underscores the significant public anger and the global resonance of the women's rights movement in Iran.

U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken has signed a sanctions waiver allowing $6 billion in frozen Iranian assets to be transferred from South Korea to Qatar as part of a U.S.-Iran prisoner swap. Tehran expects the swap to be finalized soon, involving five Americans and several Iranian prisoners. The Biden administration faces criticism from Republicans who oppose aiding Iran's economy. The U.S. emphasizes efforts to end the suffering of unjustly detained individuals. Iran has detained around 40 foreign nationals amid ongoing unrest, with Western countries accusing Iran of using hostages for leverage in prisoner swaps.

Iranian human rights activist Narges Mohammadi was allegedly assaulted by prison officials at Evin prison for not adhering to the mandatory hijab. The incident, detailed on an Instagram account linked to Mohammadi, involved threats and violence, leaving her with bruises. Mohammadi, classified as a political prisoner, has been vocal about poor prison conditions and violence against inmates. The article also touches on the broader context of human rights abuses in Iran, including the detention of other activists and the poor conditions in Iranian prisons. The UN and various rights groups have criticized Iran's treatment of prisoners and activists.

Human rights activists report that Iranian security forces killed at least eight people, including a child, and detained dozens more in Javanrud during protests sparked by the death of Mahsa Amini. The joint report by Kurdistan Human Rights Network and Human Rights Campaign details systematic violence and arbitrary arrests, including the use of military-grade weapons and torture. Despite severe allegations, no government officials have faced legal repercussions. The report calls for a United Nations investigation and international condemnation, urging global governments to consider sanctions against Iran.

The Biden administration has ruled out reviving the Iran nuclear deal, despite calls from Iran for new negotiations. Iran's new foreign minister, Abbas Araqchi, insists the agreement needs updating due to expired clauses. The U.S. State Department maintains that the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) is not currently under consideration, emphasizing the use of national power to prevent Iran from obtaining nuclear weapons. The article also covers the escalating conflict between Israel and Hizballah, with recent strikes and retaliations marking one of the largest clashes since the Gaza war. Iran claims these events show Israel's diminishing deterrent power. The piece highlights the complex geopolitical landscape, including the impact of the Ukraine war and the upcoming U.S. presidential election.

Iran's judiciary has issued a warning against protests marking the anniversary of Mahsa Amini's death, with Deputy Judiciary Chief Sadeq Rahimi stating that intelligence agencies are monitoring potential activities. Amini's death in police custody last year sparked ongoing protests, met with a severe crackdown by authorities. Amnesty International reported human rights abuses against families of those killed in the protests. The government has intensified warnings against activists ahead of the anniversary. Additionally, the European Union condemned Iran's alleged missile transfers to Russia, considering new sanctions. The U.S. Treasury Department also imposed sanctions on Iran for its military support to Russia.

Lawyers in several Iranian provinces protested against a parliamentary resolution that they claim undermines the judicial foundation and infringes on the Bar Association's autonomy. The resolution requires adherence to the Economic Ministry's Regulatory Board directives without the ability to challenge changes via the Administrative Justice Court. The Iranian Bar Association has appealed to the Guardians Council to overturn the decision and has gathered significant public support. The Bar Association, facing persistent pressure from governmental agencies, has seen its powers eroded over the past four decades. The protests highlight ongoing tensions between the legal profession and the government, exacerbated by recent crackdowns on lawyers following Mahsa Amini's death.

The lawyer for Mahsa Amini's family, Saleh Nikbakht, has been summoned to Tehran's Islamic Revolutionary Court on charges of propaganda against the system, stemming from his media interviews and criticism of the official findings on Amini's death. Amini's death in police custody last year sparked nationwide protests demanding more freedoms and women's rights. The Iranian government has intensified its crackdown on activists and families of those killed in the protests, fearing a resurgence of unrest on the anniversary of Amini's death. Amnesty International has reported human rights abuses against families of protest victims. The article also mentions the case of rapper Toomaj Salehi, whose death sentence was overturned by Iran's Supreme Court.

Iran has executed at least eight individuals, mostly for drug offenses, over three days, according to local activists. Amnesty International condemned the executions, calling Iran's prisons 'killing fields.' The Baluch Activists Campaign reported four executions in Zahedan prison, while two Baluch prisoners were executed for a 2012 murder. Additional executions were reported in Dezful and Sheiban prisons. Amnesty International and Iran Human Rights highlighted the sharp rise in executions, particularly following protests after Mahsa Amini's death. UN expert Javaid Rehman accused Iran of genocide and crimes against humanity for past mass executions.

Iran has detained prominent women's rights activists as the anniversary of Mahsa Amini's death approaches, highlighting the government's ongoing crackdown on dissent. The article also covers the election of Mohammad Movahedi Kermani as the head of Iran's Assembly of Experts, the sentencing of Mashallah Karami, and the death of President Ebrahim Raisi in a helicopter crash. The Assembly of Experts, dominated by hard-liners, plays a crucial role in selecting the next supreme leader, with speculation about potential successors including Mojtaba Khamenei. The article also touches on the broader political and social implications of these events, including the impact on Iran's leadership and the ongoing repression of protesters and activists.

Independent student news outlets in Iran report increased restrictions on dormitories, especially for women, ahead of the new school year and the anniversary of Mahsa Amini's death. The Iranian Student Guild Councils highlight unprecedented restrictions in female dormitories, with severe penalties for noncompliance. The report also notes deteriorating conditions in male dormitories and enforced dress codes. Universities have been central to unrest following Amini's death, with many students facing arrests, expulsions, and harsh sentences. The article also touches on broader political tensions, including the killing of Ismail Haniyeh and ongoing conflicts involving Iran-backed groups.

Iranian police have shut down the German Language Institute Tehran for alleged legal violations, prompting Germany to summon Iran's ambassador. The closure follows Germany's recent ban on the Iran-linked Islamic Center Hamburg. The institute, managed by the German Embassy, served as a cultural hub for Iranians learning German. The move has raised concerns among students and the international community. Additionally, the article discusses Iran's potential missile exports to Russia, the geopolitical implications of Iran's military support to Russia, and the broader context of Iran's strained relations with Western nations. The article also touches on the ongoing tensions between Iran and Israel, including Iran's threats of retaliation for the assassination of Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh.

Molavi Abdolhamid, a Sunni cleric in Iran, has called for the immediate release of Molavi Fathi Mohammad Naqshbandi, who was arrested for criticizing the authorities. Abdolhamid warned that Naqshbandi's detention could exacerbate public discontent and urged for his release to prevent unrest. The arrest is part of a broader crackdown on dissent in Sistan-Baluchistan, a region with a Sunni majority that has seen ongoing protests since the death of Mahsa Amini in police custody. The Iranian government has faced significant criticism for its human rights violations and political repression, with over 500 people killed and thousands arrested since Amini's death. The article also touches on the broader context of political arrests and the suppression of free expression in Iran.

Acclaimed director Martin Scorsese is urging people to sign an online petition calling for justice for Iranian filmmakers Saeed Roustayi and Javad Noruzbeygi, who have been sentenced to jail for screening their film at the Cannes Film Festival. The petition, initiated by Scorsese's daughter Francesca, has garnered significant support. The court ruling against the filmmakers is seen as a violation of free speech, and the Cannes Film Festival has condemned it. The case is part of a broader pattern of governmental pressure on artists in Iran, with other filmmakers and public figures also facing legal actions. The film, Leila's Brothers, was banned in Iran despite winning international acclaim. The article highlights the increasing acts of civil disobedience in Iran, particularly following the death of Mahsa Amini, and the ongoing repression of artists and activists.

Mahdi Khoei, a sociology professor at Tehran’s Allameh University, has been expelled for supporting nationwide protests following the death of Mahsa Amini. Khoei expressed his dismay on social media, highlighting his commitment to his students and the public. The expulsion is part of a broader crackdown on academic freedom, with many professors facing similar fates. Students at the university have protested the decision, warning of further actions if academic freedoms continue to be undermined. The article also touches on the broader context of protests in Iran, the government's response, and the historical role of universities in advocating for social and political freedoms.

Iranian police have arrested 12 women's rights activists, accusing them of planning events for the anniversary of Mahsa Amini's death, which sparked nationwide protests. The activists, including long-time champions of women's rights, were detained in northern cities by security forces. Authorities claim the activists were inciting families of protesters and engaging in propaganda against the government. The arrests are seen as part of a broader strategy to manage the anniversary of Amini's death. The article highlights the ongoing tension and potential for renewed protests in Iran.

Iranian authorities are intensifying pressure on the families of demonstrators killed during last year's antiestablishment protests, warning against public or virtual remembrances as the anniversary of Mahsa Amini's death approaches. The crackdown includes raids, detentions, and intimidation by the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps, particularly targeting ethnic minorities like Kurds and Baluchis. Human rights organizations report increased harassment and threats to prevent commemorative events. Despite the pressure, some families, like that of Kumar Daroftadeh, plan to hold memorial ceremonies, defying government warnings.

The Revolutionary Court of Isfahan acquitted Iranian rapper Toomaj Salehi, who was previously sentenced to death for his protest songs. Salehi's case highlights the ongoing human rights abuses in Iran, including the death penalty and torture. The article also discusses Iran's threats to retaliate against Israel for the assassination of Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh, raising fears of a wider regional conflict. The international community, including the U.S. and European nations, has called for restraint and diplomacy. Additionally, the article touches on the broader geopolitical dynamics involving Iran, Russia, and their influence in Africa, as well as the internal struggles within Iran, including the recent execution of Reza Rasaei and the plight of human rights activist Narges Mohammadi.

Germany has expelled two Iranian diplomats in response to the death sentence of a dual citizen. The article discusses the ongoing conflict between Israel and Hizballah, highlighting the preemptive strikes by the Israel Defense Forces and the retaliatory actions by Hizballah. It also covers the geopolitical dynamics involving Iran, Azerbaijan, and China, focusing on their strategic partnerships and economic agreements. Additionally, the article touches on Iran's cyber activities aimed at influencing the U.S. presidential election and the potential implications of Iran's military support to Russia. The piece concludes with the broader regional tensions and the diplomatic efforts to de-escalate the situation.

Iran executed 36 people on August 6-7, including 26 in a group execution in Ghezelhesar prison, according to Iran Human Rights. The executions, unprecedented in scale since 2009, included convictions for murder, drug-related, and rape charges. Human rights groups accuse Iran of using the death penalty to instill fear following the 2022 protests after Mahsa Amini's death. Reza Rasaei, executed in connection with the protests, was reportedly tortured and denied a fair trial. The Middle East faces heightened tensions as Iran vows retaliation for the assassination of Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh in Tehran, suspected to be by Israel. The region braces for potential conflict involving Iran, Israel, and their allies, with diplomatic efforts ongoing to de-escalate the situation.

The assassination of Ismail Haniyeh, the political leader of Hamas, in Tehran has heightened tensions in the Middle East, with Iran blaming Israel and the U.S. for the attack. The incident has sparked fears of a broader conflict, with regional implications for Afghanistan and Pakistan. The killing has also complicated efforts for a cease-fire between Hamas and Israel, with significant political and humanitarian consequences. Various international actors, including the UN and human rights organizations, have expressed concerns over the escalating violence and its impact on regional stability.

The article discusses the execution of Kamran Sheikheh in Iran, highlighting concerns from rights groups about the lack of transparency and allegations of torture. It also covers the broader context of executions in Iran, including the high number of executions for narcotics convictions and the targeting of ethnic minorities. The article reports on the plight of Ali Asghar Haqdar, a historian at risk of deportation from Turkey to Iran, and the findings of UN expert Javaid Rehman, who accused Iran of committing genocide in the 1980s. Additionally, it addresses Iran's efforts to extradite Kurdish opposition members from Iraq and the ongoing anti-Afghan sentiment in Iran. The text also touches on the political landscape in Iran, including the recent presidential election and the challenges faced by reformist lawmaker Masud Pezeshkian.

Iranian Kurdish prisoner Kamran Sheikheh was executed despite rights groups' complaints about judicial transparency. Amnesty International and Hengaw criticized the trials as unfair and marred by torture. Iran has executed at least 286 people this year, with Amnesty reporting 853 executions in 2023. Historian Ali Asghar Haqdar faces deportation from Turkey to Iran, raising concerns about his safety. UN expert Javaid Rehman accused Iran of genocide in the 1980s, highlighting mass executions of political prisoners and minorities. The report may prompt an international probe into Iran's early crimes. Iran's clerical regime faces ongoing scrutiny for human rights abuses, with calls for accountability and legal action against its leaders.

Iran's presidential election on June 28 saw a record-low turnout, reflecting widespread disillusionment with the political system. Reformist candidate Masud Pezeshkian and hard-line conservative Saeed Jalili will face off in a runoff on July 5. The election's outcome is unlikely to bring significant policy changes but could impact the succession of Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei. The article also highlights the illegal export of Ukrainian grain by Russian companies to countries including Spain, Turkey, and Azerbaijan. Canada has designated Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps as a terrorist organization, urging Canadians to leave Iran.

Iranian-Swedish academic Ahmadreza Djalali has initiated a hunger strike to protest his exclusion from a recent prisoner exchange between Iran and Sweden. The exchange involved the release of former Iranian prison official Hamid Nouri for Swedish citizens Johan Floderus and Saeed Azizi. Djalali, detained since 2016 and sentenced to death for alleged espionage, was not included in the deal, leading to criticism from his family and human rights groups. The Swedish government has faced backlash for not providing convincing reasons for Djalali's exclusion. The article also highlights the broader issue of Iran detaining dual citizens as leverage against Western nations.

The EU has imposed further sanctions on Iranian officials and entities, reflecting ongoing tensions over Iran's human rights record and geopolitical actions. Iran's Supreme Court overturned rapper Toomaj Salehi's death sentence, a significant legal development amid widespread protests following Mahsa Amini's death. The article also highlights the mass deportation of Afghan refugees from Pakistan and Iran, exacerbating Afghanistan's humanitarian crisis. Additionally, it covers the controversial prisoner swap between Sweden and Iran, the upcoming Iranian presidential election dominated by hard-liners, and the crackdown on activists and journalists in Iran.

Britain has summoned an Iranian diplomat over threats to journalists and imposed new sanctions. The article covers various political events in Iran, including the imprisonment of activists and journalists, the upcoming presidential election, and the mass deportation of Afghan refugees. It highlights the ongoing crackdown on dissent and the harsh tactics used by the Iranian government. The article also reports on international reactions, including Canada's designation of Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps as a terrorist organization and the prisoner exchange between Sweden and Iran.

In late September, 17-year-old Pedram Azarnush was killed during an anti-regime protest in southwestern Iran. His family, seeking justice, has faced threats and intimidation from authorities. Azarnush is one of at least 480 protesters killed in the state's crackdown on antiestablishment protests, which erupted after the death of Mahsa Amini. Despite evidence showing Azarnush was killed without justification, authorities have not held the perpetrators accountable. The protests, initially against police brutality, have evolved into a broader movement against Iran's clerical regime, demanding social and political freedoms.

The article discusses the recent developments in Iran's political landscape, focusing on the upcoming presidential election following the death of President Ebrahim Raisi in a helicopter crash. The Guardians Council has approved six candidates, predominantly hard-liners, to run in the election. The article also highlights the intensified crackdown on media and public dissent, with strict guidelines issued for election coverage. Additionally, it covers the International Atomic Energy Agency's resolution calling on Iran to increase cooperation, which Iran has criticized. The text also touches on the historical context of Iranian photography and the recent leak of images from the Golestan Palace archives.

The article covers multiple topics related to Iran, including the imprisonment of British-Iranian Nasrin Roshan, the killing of IRGC officer Saeed Abyar in an Israeli airstrike, and the upcoming Iranian presidential election with hard-line candidates like Mohammad Baqer Qalibaf and Mahmud Ahmadinejad. It also highlights the ongoing human rights abuses in Iran, such as the detention of activists and the crackdown on dissent. Additionally, the article mentions the strained relations between Iran and the Taliban, and the criticism faced by the UN for honoring the late Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi.

The article covers multiple stories related to Iran, including the detention of Iranian literary editor Hossein Shanbehzadeh, the International Atomic Energy Agency's resolution urging Iran to cooperate, and the death of an IRGC officer in an Israeli air strike. It also discusses the ongoing detention of British-Iranian Nasrin Roshan, the registration of hard-line candidates for Iran's presidential election, and the expulsion of a Taliban representative from Iran. Additionally, it highlights the UN's controversial tribute to the late Iranian president Ebrahim Raisi and Amnesty International's report on the rise in global executions, particularly in Iran.

The article reports on the increasing arrests of activists in Iran, highlighting the EU's sanctions on Iranian entities and individuals for their involvement in military support to Russia and regional allies. It details the political landscape in Iran, including the upcoming presidential election and the death of President Ebrahim Raisi. The article also covers the crackdown on dissent, the imprisonment of activists, and the international criticism of Iran's human rights record. Additionally, it discusses the role of the IRGC and the potential successors to Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei.

The Council of the European Union imposed sanctions on Iranian entities and individuals for their involvement in transferring drones to Russia and regional allies. The sanctions target military operations, the IRGC Navy, and companies involved in drone production. Iran denies supplying drones to Russia. The article also covers the upcoming Iranian presidential election, triggered by the death of President Ebrahim Raisi, and the candidacies of several political figures. Additionally, it highlights the sentencing of activists and the crackdown on dissent in Iran, including the imprisonment of Fatemeh Sepehri and her brothers. The UN's decision to honor Raisi has sparked criticism from rights activists. Amnesty International reported a rise in global executions, with Iran accounting for a significant portion. The article also mentions the role of a Turkish drone in locating the wreckage of the helicopter crash that killed Raisi and other officials.

The article discusses the termination of Iran's Foreign Ministry's YouTube account due to U.S. sanctions, highlighting the platform's compliance with trade laws. It covers the broader context of Iran's social media restrictions and the use of VPNs by the public. The piece also details the Cannes Film Festival's recognition of Iranian director Mohammad Rasoulof, who fled Iran due to political persecution. Additionally, it reports on the death of Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi in a helicopter crash, the subsequent political implications, and the mixed reactions from the public and international community. The article touches on the role of the IRGC in Iran's political landscape and the ongoing nuclear negotiations with the IAEA.

Iranian film director Mohammad Rasoulof, who fled Iran to avoid a prison sentence, received a special jury prize at the Cannes Film Festival for his film highlighting injustice in Iran. Rasoulof, an outspoken critic of the Iranian government, has faced imprisonment and repression. The article also discusses the political landscape in Iran, including the election of Mohammad Movahedi Kermani as the head of Iran's Assembly of Experts and the implications of President Ebrahim Raisi's death in a helicopter crash. The Iranian judiciary and the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps are criticized for their roles in repression and control. The article highlights the ongoing struggle for human rights and justice in Iran.

Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi and other top officials died in a helicopter crash in East Azerbaijan Province, leading to a period of mourning and a scramble to elect a new president within 50 days. The crash has sparked international reactions, with some expressing condolences and others criticizing Raisi's legacy of human rights abuses. The incident has also raised questions about Iran's nuclear policy and its relations with the West. The article highlights the political implications of Raisi's death, including potential successors and the impact on Iran's domestic and foreign policies.

Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi's death in a helicopter crash has significant implications for Iran's political landscape. Raisi, a hard-liner and potential successor to Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei, was known for his role in human rights abuses and the brutal crackdown on protests. His death has triggered a power struggle within the conservative establishment, with potential successors including Mojtaba Khamenei and Alireza A'rafi. The Assembly of Experts, dominated by hard-liners, will play a crucial role in selecting the next supreme leader. The incident has also highlighted the deepening rift between Iran's leadership and its citizens, who have expressed mixed reactions to Raisi's death.

Iran has released a Spanish woman after three months in jail over protests. The article covers various topics including the ownership of properties in Dubai by Iranians, the enforcement of hijab laws, Iran's nuclear program, and political disqualifications. It highlights the crackdown on dissent, the involvement of high-profile figures in corruption, and the international diplomatic efforts to address Iran's nuclear ambitions. The text also discusses the impact of the hijab law on businesses, the role of the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps, and the political dynamics within Iran. The sentiment towards the Iranian government and its institutions is largely negative, with criticism of human rights abuses, corruption, and lack of political freedom.

The United Nations' fact-finding mission on Iran's human rights violations related to the crackdown on nationwide protests faces significant challenges due to Tehran's lack of cooperation. Shaheen Sardar Ali, a member of the mission, highlights the exhaustive efforts to uncover abuses and the Iranian government's refusal to provide information. The mission focuses on the death of Jina Mahsa Amini, which sparked the protests, and investigates claims of repression and excessive force. Despite the obstacles, the mission continues its work, aiming to deliver a credible report to the UN Human Rights Council. The article also discusses the broader context of Iran's political landscape, including the disqualification of former President Hassan Rohani from elections and the potential shift in Iran's nuclear doctrine amid escalating tensions with Israel.

Iran and North Korea's collaboration on military technology has raised concerns in Western capitals, especially regarding missile and nuclear capabilities. Tehran's recent interactions with Pyongyang have heightened suspicions of sanctions-violating cooperation. The article also discusses Iran's internal issues, including the enforcement of hijab laws, the crackdown on protests, and the imprisonment of activists and artists. Additionally, it covers the geopolitical implications of Iran's actions, including its strained relations with Israel and the potential shift in its nuclear doctrine. The piece highlights the resilience of Iranian activists and the international community's response to Iran's human rights record.

Despite U.S. sanctions, Iran continues to export oil, primarily to China, using tactics to evade sanctions and maintain its economy. Tehran's oil exports are profitable even at discounted prices offered to China. The U.S. reluctance to enforce sanctions strictly, partly due to political and economic considerations, has contributed to the ineffectiveness of measures against Iran's energy exports. Iran has also imposed sanctions on American and British companies and individuals over their support for Israel. The Iranian government faces domestic challenges, including labor unrest and protests over economic hardship exacerbated by sanctions. Human rights abuses continue, with reports of a young protester, Nika Shakarami, being sexually assaulted and killed by security forces. The U.S. Treasury Department has sanctioned entities involved in Iran's drone program, which supports Russia's war in Ukraine. Iranian authorities have intensified enforcement of the mandatory hijab, leading to increased tensions and confrontations. Iranian rapper Toomaj Salehi has been sentenced to death for his involvement in protests, and Amnesty International warns of a deteriorating global human rights situation, with Iran's actions contributing to the decline.

Iran is celebrating a perceived victory following a deadly attack by Hamas on Israel, despite denying direct involvement. Tehran is capitalizing on the situation to strengthen its position as a supporter of the Palestinian cause. Iran provides financial and material support to Hamas and other militant groups, which experts believe is part of its strategy to extend its influence and resistance in the Middle East. The attack has implications for the region's diplomatic landscape, potentially affecting normalization efforts between Arab countries and Israel. Additionally, Iran's oil exports continue despite U.S. sanctions, with China playing a significant role in purchasing Iranian oil. Human rights concerns persist, with reports of a 17-year-old Iranian protester being sexually assaulted and killed by security forces, and the release of a prominent critic of Iran's hijab policy due to health issues. The U.S. has imposed sanctions on entities involved in Iran's drone sales to Russia for use in Ukraine. Iranian rapper Toomaj Salehi has been sentenced to death amid a crackdown on dissent, and Amnesty International warns of a global human rights crisis exacerbated by conflicts and climate change.

Israel reportedly conducted a strike inside Iran in retaliation for an air attack by Iran, with both sides showing restraint to avoid further escalation. The strike occurred near Isfahan, where Iran's air defenses allegedly shot down three drones. Despite the tensions, the muted responses suggest a desire to deescalate the situation. The U.S. and other allies have not been involved in offensive operations, and the International Atomic Energy Agency confirmed no damage to Iran's nuclear sites. The incident marks a rare direct attack between Israel and Iran, traditionally engaging through proxies, and raises concerns about the potential for further conflict.

Iranian political prisoner Bahareh Hedayat ended her hunger strike on the anniversary of Mahsa Amini's arrest by morality police, honoring the wishes of Amini's and Javad Rouhi's families. Amini's death in custody sparked widespread protests against Iran's clerical establishment. Hedayat, a student activist and women's rights campaigner, has been arrested and sentenced to long prison terms. The U.S. imposed sanctions against Iran for cyber-activity on behalf of the country's military, and the U.S. Treasury Department designated individuals and companies involved. Iran is expanding its influence in Africa, offering arms and partnerships, and seeking to bypass international sanctions. Human rights abuses in Iran have worsened, with increased executions and discrimination, particularly against women and marginalized communities. The Taliban's return to power in Afghanistan has led to systemic mistreatment and discrimination against women and girls. Iran and Israel have traded attacks and threats, with concerns of a full-scale war. Iran's IRGC announced a new enforcement body to uphold the strict dress code for women, intensifying morality sweeps and leading to increased confrontations.

Amnesty International has called on Iranian authorities to allow the commemoration of those killed during the 2022 protests and to stop the harassment and intimidation against victims’ families. Despite the crackdown, no officials have been held accountable for the deaths. The international community is urged to support victims’ families and press Iran to respect their rights. Amnesty detailed human rights abuses against 36 families by Iranian law enforcement. Concerns are heightened as women's rights activists are detained ahead of the anniversary of Mahsa Amini's death. The U.S. has warned Iran against attacking American troops in response to a suspected Israeli strike. Iran has pledged retaliation for the deaths of IRGC members in a suspected Israeli strike in Syria. Imprisoned Iranian sociologist Saeed Madani has been transferred to further isolate him, and imprisoned Islamic scholar Sedigheh Vasmaghi has been moved to a hospital. Executions in Iran hit an eight-year high in 2023, with a disproportionate impact on marginalized communities. Clashes in Sistan-Baluchistan resulted in deaths on both sides. Iran's deterrence strategy against Israel has been challenged, and Tehran may be compelled to take direct action. Iran vows revenge after an air strike on its consulate in Damascus kills several, including an IRGC commander.

The United States has expressed concern over the potential expansion of the conflict between Israel and Hamas into a wider Middle East war, involving other groups like Hizballah and Iran. U.S. National Security Adviser Jake Sullivan highlighted the risks of escalation, while Iranian Foreign Minister Hossein Amirabdollahian warned Israel against invading Gaza. The Biden administration is pushing for military aid for Israel and has deployed additional military assets to the region. French President Macron also cautioned Iran against escalating the conflict. The Middle East's significant oil production could be affected if the conflict expands, driving up oil prices during a time of global inflation concerns. Iran has vowed retaliation for the deaths of IRGC members in suspected Israeli strikes, and the annual Al Quds Day in Tehran saw anti-Israeli and anti-American sentiment. Meanwhile, U.S. Secretary of State Blinken is touring Middle East capitals seeking a resolution to the conflict and aid for Gaza refugees.

The Taliban plans to invest $35 million in Iran's Chabahar Port to reduce Afghanistan's reliance on Pakistani ports and access international markets. This strategic move comes amid deteriorating relations with Pakistan, which has intermittently closed borders and increased taxes on Afghan exports. The World Bank has resumed work on the Afghan section of the CASA-1000 project, which will enable Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan to sell excess energy to Afghanistan and Pakistan. The completion of CASA-1000 would benefit the Afghan economy by providing cheap hydropower and transit fees.

Eleven women's rights activists in Iran's Gilan province have been sentenced to a collective total of over 60 years in prison by an Islamic Revolutionary Court. The activists were charged with involvement in women's rights campaigns and detained ahead of the first anniversary of Mahsa Amini's death in police custody. The sentences range from one to six years on charges including 'assembly and collusion' and 'forming an illegal group.' The activists reportedly faced intense interrogation and physical abuse, and their arrests are part of a broader crackdown on dissent following nationwide protests sparked by Amini's death.

Ebrahim Rigi, a 24-year-old medical intern, died in police custody in Zahedan, Iran, after allegedly being beaten following his rearrest in connection with protests. The rights group HAALVSH reported that Rigi had been released on bail but was rearrested and died an hour later at the police station. The local police described his death as an 'arbitrary act' with no police role. Protests in Sistan-Baluchistan Province have been ongoing since the 'Bloody Friday' massacre in Zahedan, where security forces killed almost 100 people during demonstrations sparked by Mahsa Amini's death and the alleged sexual assault of a 15-year-old girl by a police commander. The unrest represents a significant threat to the Islamic government since the 1979 revolution. The U.S.-based Human Rights Activists News Agency reported that at least 527 people had been killed during the unrest, including 71 minors.

Iranian security forces have intensified their crackdown on families seeking justice for loved ones killed in protests, with at least 21 family members detained ahead of the anniversary of Mahsa Amini's death. Amini's death in police custody sparked nationwide protests, and her family denies claims of a preexisting health condition contributing to her death. Human rights organizations report numerous arrests of family members demanding justice, and the UN Human Rights Council has categorized actions against women as crimes against humanity. Additionally, Iran's economy is suffering, with a significant increase in school dropouts due to poverty, and the government has denied imprisoned rapper Toomaj Salehi's early release request. Iran also confirmed the death of an IRGC member in Syria following air strikes blamed on Israel. Meanwhile, Iranian teacher and union activist Jafar Ebrahimi remains imprisoned despite completing his sentence, and nearly 40 faculty members of the Tehran University of Medical Sciences have been ordered reinstated after being dismissed or forced into retirement.

An Iranian labor group reports that teachers and classmates of Armita Garavand, a student in a coma after an assault by morality police, are being pressured by security authorities. Garavand and friends were confronted by police for not wearing hijabs, leading to Garavand's critical condition. Her mother has been detained, and there are efforts to suppress information about the incident. This case draws parallels with Mahsa Amini's death, which sparked protests. The article also discusses geopolitical tensions in the South Caucasus, with Iran concerned about losing influence due to Azerbaijan's actions and alliances.

The article compiles ten notable stories and videos from RFE/RL, covering a range of topics including the war in Ukraine, anti-regime protests in Iran, the reappearance of expelled Russian diplomats in Serbia, and Georgian protests against a proposed 'foreign agents' law. It highlights personal stories such as a Ukrainian photographer's memories of a war-torn town, a chef's escape from Russian-occupied Kherson, and a Georgian woman's iconic protest. The piece also delves into the rise and fall of Ruben Vardanian in Nagorno-Karabakh and the hidden deaths of Wagner mercenaries. The overall tone is factual with some subjective elements, focusing on human rights and resistance against authoritarian regimes.

In 2023, Iranian security forces detained over 300 women for political or ideological reasons, with more than 100 still imprisoned. Hengaw reported that detainees included students, journalists, artists, and teachers, facing charges like propaganda against the system and espionage, resulting in harsh sentences including life imprisonment and lashes. The crackdown follows widespread protests sparked by the death of Mahsa Amini in police custody for an alleged head-scarf violation.

Several groups of female students in Iran have fallen ill in at least 15 cities, prompting hospitalization and calls for an investigation by parliament member Abdulali Rahimi Mozafari. The incidents, which began in November, have led to accusations of deliberate poisoning, with the Center for Human Rights in Iran labeling it an act of terrorism and questioning government complicity. The illnesses have sparked public outrage, with some parents refusing to send their children to school and speculation that religious extremists may be behind the attacks. The situation has intensified amid ongoing unrest and protests against the government, particularly following the death of Mahsa Amini in police custody.

Several workers at the Isfahan Steel Company have been arrested amid ongoing strikes demanding better conditions and higher salaries. The Free Union of Iranian Workers reported the arrests, with riot police breaking up rallies. Labor protests in Iran have increased due to declining living standards and lack of insurance support. The article also covers the broader context of anti-government protests following Mahsa Amini's death, the judicial crackdown on dissent, and the upcoming presidential election dominated by hard-liners. The Guardian Council has approved six candidates, with only one reformist, amid widespread disqualification of moderate candidates. The article highlights the ongoing suppression of public dissent and the control exerted by hard-liners over Iran's political system.

A sudden hike in the price of red meat has sparked widespread public anger in Iran, exacerbating the country's economic crisis. The government, led by President Ebrahim Raisi, has faced criticism for its handling of the economy and its crackdown on dissent, including shutting down the Sazandegi daily for its critical reporting. The price of red meat has increased by up to 90 percent over the past year, making it unaffordable for many Iranians. The rial has plummeted to a new low, and inflation rates for food and beverages have soared. The government's attempts to downplay the price hikes and punish violators have been met with public skepticism and anger.

Hundreds of Iranian political and civil activists have condemned the nine-year prison sentence of sociologist Saeed Madani, highlighting the lack of judicial independence in Iran. The letter, signed by over 600 activists, claims the charges against Madani were fabricated by security institutions. Madani, known for his writings on social issues, was found guilty of forming antiestablishment groups and propaganda against the Islamic Republic. The letter argues that such sentences deprive society of thinkers striving for freedom and justice. Madani has faced multiple imprisonments and was recently barred from leaving Iran for a research program at Yale University.

The lawyer of Iranian protester Javad Ruhi, sentenced to death for 'corruption on Earth,' claims the case lacked evidence and witnesses. Ruhi, arrested during protests sparked by Mahsa Amini's death, allegedly confessed under duress. The court's indictment and video evidence are disputed. The article highlights the broader context of Iran's crackdown on protesters, with several others sentenced to death and executed. Human rights groups criticize the use of torture and forced confessions by Iranian authorities.

Hundreds of schoolgirls in Qom, Iran, have fallen ill with symptoms such as nausea, headaches, and breathing difficulties, leading to hospitalizations and public outrage. Authorities have not found evidence of poisoning despite conducting toxicology tests, and some officials suggest the incidents could be deliberate. The situation has led to protests and demands for a transparent investigation, with some parents refusing to send their children to school. The article also touches on broader issues of government negligence and public dissent in Iran.

Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty President Jamie Fly was sanctioned by Iran in response to EU and UK sanctions against Tehran for its crackdown on protests. The sanctions include a travel ban and asset seizure. Iran's crackdown has been violent and deadly, stifling journalists and civil society. The EU's new sanctions target Iranian officials and entities. Iran's actions have been condemned internationally, with reports of executions and mistreatment of protesters. RFE/RL continues to report on events in Iran despite the sanctions.

An Iranian foundation has praised Hadi Matar, the alleged attacker of novelist Salman Rushdie, offering him farmland as a reward. The foundation supports the fatwa against Rushdie issued by Ayatollah Khomeini. Iran's judiciary has charged journalists over a BBC report on protester Nika Shakarami's death, which the government denies. The U.S. has sanctioned entities involved in Iran's UAV sales, which support Russia's war in Ukraine. Iranian activists condemn the government's enforcement of the hijab law. Amnesty International's report warns of a breakdown in the global order due to conflicts and disregard for international law. Iran is expanding its influence in Africa, offering arms and seeking partnerships to counter sanctions and Western influence.

Iranian authorities have arrested a police officer over the killing of Mokhtar Fathi, a Kurdish youth, in Saghez. This rare move against security forces comes amid a brutal crackdown on anti-government protests triggered by the death of Mahsa Amini. Fathi was reportedly shot by police while writing anti-government slogans. The Hengaw human rights group claims he was shot near his parents' house, and the family was threatened to stay silent. The chief justice of Kurdistan Province confirmed the arrest following a complaint from Fathi's family. The unrest, one of the deepest challenges to the regime since 1979, has seen security forces violently suppress dissent, including raids on schools and arrests of students. The Human Rights Activists News Agency reports at least 527 deaths, including 71 minors, during the unrest.

The Munich Security Conference marks a significant shift as Iranian activists, rather than the foreign minister, represent Iran, highlighting the growing distance between the international community and the current Iranian regime. German MP Hannah Neumann underscores the importance of this representation and the role of activists in raising awareness about Iran's human rights abuses. The article also discusses the potential designation of the IRGC as a terrorist organization by the EU and the complexities of the Iran nuclear deal. Additionally, it covers the acquittal of Iranian rapper Toomaj Salehi, the brutal crackdown on protests in Iran, and the international community's response to Iran's threats against Israel. The piece reflects on the broader geopolitical implications, including the strained relations between Iran and Western nations.

Less than a month after the death of Ayatollah Khomeini, the founder of the Islamic Republic of Iran, and the introduction of Ayatollah Ali Khamenei as the new leader, a member of parliament, Abdulmajid Sharafuddin, was attacked, arrested, and deprived of his position after expressing concerns about the political future of the country, ambiguities about future governance, and the people's uncertainty about their destiny. Despite constitutional protections for parliamentary immunity, Sharafuddin was detained for over 40 days and interrogated, likely by Saeed Emami. He was eventually expelled from the parliament, a move that was not legally justified according to the internal regulations of the Islamic Consultative Assembly. Sharafuddin, now a retired teacher, reflects on the severe restrictions and surveillance he faced following his expulsion.

The article examines the fate of the members of the Assembly of Experts for Constitution, who were responsible for drafting the constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran from August to November 1979. It highlights the diverse political backgrounds of the members, including the Islamic Republic Party, Freedom Movement of Iran, People's Mujahedin of Iran, Tudeh Party, and other religious and non-religious groups. Many of these groups were later pushed out of power, and their leaders and members were severely suppressed. The article details the different fates of the members, including assassination, imprisonment, house arrest, or withdrawal from political and managerial spheres. It also discusses the circumstances surrounding the deaths of some members and the political suppression they faced.

Faezeh Hashemi, former member of the Iranian Parliament and daughter of Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, faced severe backlash from conservative factions and media after a photo of her with Fariba Kamalabadi, a Baha'i community leader in Iran, was published. In an interview with Euronews, Hashemi stated she has done nothing wrong and is not regretful. She emphasized that her visit to Kamalabadi, who was on leave from prison, was a normal human interaction. Hashemi, who was previously imprisoned and shared a cell with Kamalabadi, views the relationship as a result of shared experiences and not a religious endorsement. She criticized the Islamic Republic's treatment of Baha'is and reformists, framing it as a human rights issue rather than a religious one. Despite the pressures, she remains unapologetic and believes that the conservative reactions ultimately work against those who perpetuate them.