Somalia faces a severe food crisis with millions at risk of starvation due to a significant drop in crop and vegetable production. The country, once nearly cereal independent, now imports over 50% of its cereal consumption, leaving many vulnerable to market fluctuations. Contributing factors include stagnant crop production, population growth, conflict, corruption, and poor governance. Agricultural experts suggest improving domestic cereal production through best management practices, such as fertilizer application and timely planting. They also recommend infrastructure improvements, better data reporting, and policy changes to incentivize farmers and reduce reliance on food aid. Security enhancements and development aid could also help Somalia become more food secure.

Since the fall of Siad Barre’s regime in 1991, Somalia has faced persistent food insecurity, exacerbated by civil unrest, poor governance, and climatic challenges. The country's cereal production has drastically declined, leading to a heavy reliance on food aid and imports. Key factors include low agricultural yields, lack of access to quality seeds and machinery, and frequent droughts and floods. Improving domestic cereal production through better agricultural practices, infrastructure, and governance is crucial. Policymakers need to shift focus from emergency aid to development aid to create jobs and enhance food security.