Photographes au Soudan

The Influence of Nanocoatings on the Wear, Corrosion, and Erosion Properties of AISI 304 and AISI 316L Stainless Steels: A Critical Review Regarding Hydro Turbines

Style rédactionnel, Informatif: Predominantly evidence-based technical review, with evaluative comparisons and recommendations for future coating research.

The review examines failures affecting hydro turbine blades, including sediment erosion, cavitation, erosion–corrosion, and fatigue, with particular attention to AISI 304 and AISI 316L stainless steels. It compares coating technologies such as HVOF, HVAF, plasma spraying, laser surface modification, PVD, and CVD, and finds that nanostructured coatings generally provide better hardness, adhesion, wear resistance, corrosion protection, and cavitation resistance than conventional coatings. WC-based cermets, alumina–titania, aluminide, TiN, Ti–SiC, NiTi–ZrO₂, and chromium nitride systems are reviewed for turbine repair and protection. The authors recommend further development and testing of multilayer or composite coatings combining nano-alumina and titanium carbide to extend turbine component life, increase overhaul intervals, and reduce repair costs.

Requirements for NYS Real Estate License?

Style rédactionnel, Informatif: Informative with some guidance and encouragement

The article outlines the steps required to obtain a New York State Real Estate License, including submitting an application, completing 77 hours of approved education, passing the NYS Real Estate Salesperson examination, being sponsored by a licensed broker, and having a current NYS photo ID. It also mentions additional requirements such as fingerprinting. The article aims to guide aspiring real estate agents through the licensing process.

Sudanese RSF attacks kill over 200

Style rédactionnel, Informatif: Mostly factual with some subjective reporting from activists

Contexte politique, Centre: Focuses on the conflict between RSF and Sudan's army without taking a political stance

Sudan's Rapid Support Forces (RSF) have killed over 200 people in recent attacks, delaying the signing of a political charter that could lead to a breakaway government. The RSF, engaged in a nearly two-year conflict with Sudan's army, controls much of western Sudan and parts of Khartoum but is losing ground in central Sudan. The report highlights the ongoing power struggle and its impact on the region.

Sudan’s IDP Toll Continues to Rise from RSF, SAF Conflict

Style rédactionnel, Informatif: The article presents factual information about the rising toll of internally displaced persons in Sudan due to the conflict.

The number of internally displaced persons in Sudan is increasing due to the ongoing conflict between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the Rapid Support Forces. Aid groups and international partners are monitoring the situation as the humanitarian toll continues to escalate.

How Sudan war destroyed the country’s breadbasket

Style rédactionnel, Factuel: Reporting is factual and based on data and expert analysis

War in Sudan has devastated the country’s agricultural sector, displacing farmers, destroying irrigation systems and collapsing supply chains, which has turned formerly productive regions into major hunger hotspots. A World Vision report estimates that 40,000 square kilometres of farmland have been lost and highlights surging food insecurity, widespread malnutrition and the shutdown of most health facilities. Key agricultural schemes such as Al-Jazeera and Rahad have suffered massive financial losses, while studies show severe production declines across Darfur and Kordofan. Experts warn that the conflict has also damaged natural resources and long-term economic prospects. Recovery requires urgent restoration of agricultural infrastructure, improved humanitarian access and investment in climate‑resilient systems.

Sudan’s RSF leader Hemedti, 15 others sentenced to death by hanging

Style rédactionnel, Factuel: Primarily factual reporting on court rulings and conflict events

A Sudanese court sentenced RSF leader Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, his deputy, and 14 others to death for genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes linked to attacks in El Geneina and the killing of West Darfur governor Khamis Abkar. The ruling, delivered in absentia, details systematic violence against the Masalit tribe, including mass killings, destruction of infrastructure, starvation tactics, and targeted assassinations. The RSF rejected the verdict as politically motivated, reflecting deep institutional rivalry with the Sudan Armed Forces. The court also ordered the seizure of RSF assets and called for international assistance to arrest the defendants.

Helping herders access grazing lands and water sources amid prevailing food insecurity in Sudan

Style rédactionnel, Factuel: Primarily factual reporting on development interventions and environmental conditions.

Recurring drought and overgrazing in eastern Sudan have degraded grazing lands and intensified conflicts as pastoralists seek resources beyond their territories. A USAID-funded initiative under the Sustainable Agrifood Systems Approach for Sudan is establishing a 50-kilometer migratory route, reseeding 1,000 feddans of pasture, and constructing water ponds to improve livestock feeding conditions, reduce travel burdens, and lessen tensions between farmers and herders. Community leaders and local farmers express optimism that increased pasture availability and clearly demarcated routes will improve livestock health and mitigate long‑standing seasonal conflicts.

The Sudan Food Security Initiative: Helping Farmers Produce High-Quality Seed Varieties

Style rédactionnel, Factuel: Fact-focused reporting on agricultural initiatives and outcomes

A Sudanese food security initiative led by CIMMYT and partners introduces high-yielding sorghum varieties in conflict-affected Kassala State using demonstration fields and farmer training. Supported by USAID under the SASAS program, the project promotes certified and quality-declared seeds, improved planting techniques, and better soil and water management. Farmers report strong interest in new sorghum varieties, and demonstration farms covering 60 feddans aim to expand seed availability for the next planting season. Certified seed production is expected to significantly increase sorghum yields and strengthen local seed systems despite ongoing conflict.

Answering Your Questions About the Hausa People of Sudan

Style rédactionnel, Informatif: Mostly factual with some historical interpretations

The article addresses questions about the Hausa people in Sudan, exploring their history, migration patterns, and cultural integration. It highlights the significant presence of Hausa communities in Sudan, their historical migration routes, and the establishment of Hausa settlements. The piece also discusses the educational and religious systems in Sudan, the roles of Hausa people in government and society, and their cultural practices. The article provides insights into the historical and contemporary significance of the Hausa people in Sudan and their contributions to the country's cultural and social fabric.

Drones turn Sudan’s ‘forgotten’ war into a relentless civilian killing field

Style rédactionnel, Factuel: Reported with a predominantly factual, attributed account of drone attacks, civilian harm, displacement, and outside support.

Contexte politique, Centre: The report describes the conflict and competing allegations from multiple sides without endorsing a political position.

As Sudan’s civil war enters its fourth year, frequent drone attacks have turned Obeid and other areas into dangerous targets, killing civilians and disrupting travel, markets, schools, and infrastructure. The RSF has used drones to strike rear areas, while the Sudanese army has also conducted attacks that rights groups say were indiscriminate. Foreign support and complex supply routes have enabled both sides to field drones, despite disputes over their origins. The fighting has worsened displacement and hardship: more than 14 million people have fled their homes, and newly arrived families in camps around Obeid face shortages of food, medicine, and shelter.

Fighting in Sudan rapidly worsening an already dire humanitarian situation for children, warn UNICEF, Save the Children and World Vision

Style rédactionnel, Informatif: Primarily factual reporting of humanitarian conditions and organizational calls to action, with quoted advocacy statements.

UNICEF, Save the Children and World Vision warn that Sudan’s fighting, which began on 15 April 2023, is worsening an already acute crisis for children. At least nine children have reportedly been killed and more than 50 injured; displacement, interrupted healthcare and vaccination, halted nutrition treatment, and school closures are putting millions at risk. The organizations say aid delivery has been disrupted and facilities looted, and urge all parties to respect the ceasefire, protect children and humanitarian workers, restore essential services, reopen schools, and prevent the recruitment of children.

Remembering El Fasher: A journalist’s account

Style rédactionnel, Interprétatif: First-person narrative with subjective reflections and emotional descriptions, though grounded in factual conflict reporting.

Contexte politique, Centre gauche: Highlights human rights violations, press repression, and humanitarian crises; advocates for civilian protection and international accountability.

A journalist recounts the fall of El Fasher after a prolonged siege by the Rapid Support Forces, describing civilian suffering, mass displacement, and systematic abuses including bombardment, looting, forced recruitment, and killings. Attempts to document the conflict were hindered by repression from both the Sudanese army and RSF, placing journalists in extreme danger. As the city collapsed, the journalist and his family fled amid violence, losing family members and witnessing widespread devastation. In displacement camps, further RSF coercion and militarization continued. Numerous journalists were killed, detained, or disappeared, underscoring a broader failure by the state and international community to prevent a humanitarian disaster in Darfur.

Sudan: 15 attacks on health facilities and workers in two months

Style rédactionnel, Informatif: The article presents factual information about attacks on healthcare facilities and workers in Sudan.

Contexte politique, Centre gauche: The article highlights the importance of international humanitarian law and the protection of healthcare workers.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has reported 15 attacks on health facilities and workers in Sudan over the past two months, with incidents including physical assaults, raids by military personnel, and obstruction of healthcare services. These attacks have led to the suspension of emergency services and restricted access to healthcare amid the COVID-19 pandemic. WHO has called for an immediate cessation of such activities and urged Sudanese authorities to enforce laws protecting healthcare workers. The organization is working with the Sudanese Federal Ministry of Health to ensure hospitals continue to operate, despite the challenging environment following the military takeover in October.

Determined to make a difference

Style rédactionnel, Informatif: Mostly factual profile of a young designer, with some aspirational and inspirational framing

Young and ambitious jewelry designer Nawar Kamal shares her high hopes for her designs and her country, Sudan, in this CNN African Voices segment.